Asbestos is a collective term for a group of naturally occurring silicate-based minerals that form long, thin and flexible fibres. These fibres are extracted from the ground through mining, primarily in rock formations in countries such as Russia, China, Brazil, Canada and Kazakhstan. Asbestos is formed through metamorphic processes, where minerals change due to pressure and heat over long periods of time.
For decades, asbestos was highly valued for its refractory and insulating properties. It was used in everything from roofing sheets and insulation to flooring and pipes. But despite its many benefits, it soon became clear that asbestos posed a serious health risk.
Today, asbestos is banned in Denmark and many other countries, but it is still found in many older buildings and structures. That's why it's important to understand where asbestos comes from, how it was used and why it can be so dangerous to humans.
How is asbestos mined?
Asbestos is mined in mines where it is released from the rock through crushing and processing. The mineral is separated from the surrounding material and processed into the familiar long fibres that are later used in industry. In early stages of mining, asbestos was extracted manually with picks and shovels, often resulting in large amounts of dust and high exposure for workers. Modern methods use more technological solutions, but the risk of asbestos-related diseases remains.
Major asbestos producing countries include:
- Russia
- China
- Brazil, Brazil
- Kazakhstan
- Zimbabwe
Previous applications
Asbestos has been a very popular building material in the past due to its refractoriness, flexibility and insulating properties. It was both cheaper and more efficient than many alternatives.
Asbestos was used in:
- Roof and facade panels
- Insulation of pipes and boilers
- Flooring and tile adhesive
- Fire protection in buildings and transport vehicles
- Brake linings and clutches
- Ship and train insulation
- Textiles for fire safety and protection
Although asbestos is now banned, it is still present in many older buildings and structures. Schools, hospitals, industrial sites and homes from before the 1980s may still contain asbestos-containing materials.
Why is asbestos dangerous?
When asbestos materials are damaged or broken down, microscopic fibres are released into the air. If inhaled, these fibres can remain in the lungs for many years and cause serious health problems. The risk depends on the size and length of the fibres, as longer, thinner fibres penetrate deep into the lung tissue more easily.
Diseases associated with asbestos:
- Asbestosis: A chronic lung disease that results in scarring of the lungs, causing breathing difficulties and increased risk of heart disease.
- Lung cancer: The risk of lung cancer increases significantly with long-term exposure to asbestos, especially in smokers.
- Mesothelioma: A rare and aggressive cancer that affects the lung or peritoneum and is almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure.
Diseases caused by asbestos often have a long latency period of up to 30-60 years after exposure. Therefore, many cases are not recognised until many years after people have been in contact with the material.
What should you do if you find asbestos?
If you suspect there is asbestos in your home or commercial property, it's crucial to act with caution. Here are some steps you should follow:
- Avoid disturbing the material: If asbestos-containing materials are intact, it is best to leave them alone.
- Contact an authorised asbestos removal company: The Environment Group offers professional asbestos removal and can ensure safe and correct removal of the material.
- Get an asbestos test: If you are in doubt, you can have a asbestos sample to determine if the material contains asbestos.
Safety first
At Miljø Gruppen, we prioritise safety and responsibility in all our projects. Our team of experts has many years of experience in the remediation and demolition of asbestos-containing materials. We make sure the work is carried out in accordance with the latest regulations and guidelines, so you can leave the job to us.
Contact us today to learn more about how we can help you make your home or workplace asbestos-free.